<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2024 Workiva-->
<!--r:97ac25c0-88bf-4aec-a5db-d6f2990156e8,g:c11c9a8d-5c70-49e6-a974-d9d8569cc11c-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#PvpDisclosure"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AllAdjToCompMember"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToGrantDateFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedDuringYearMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToGrantDateFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedDuringYearMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToGrantDateFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedDuringYearMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearEndFairValueOfEquityAwardsMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToYearEndFairValueOfEquityAwardsMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearEndFairValueOfEquityAwardsMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfOutstandingAndUnvestedEquityAwardsMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfOutstandingAndUnvestedEquityAwardsMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfOutstandingAndUnvestedEquityAwardsMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAsOfVestingDateOfEquityAwardsGrantedAndVestedInTheYearMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAsOfVestingDateOfEquityAwardsGrantedAndVestedInTheYearMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAsOfVestingDateOfEquityAwardsGrantedAndVestedInTheYearMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsThatVestedInTheYearMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsThatVestedInTheYearMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToYearOverYearChangeInFairValueOfEquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsThatVestedInTheYearMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAtTheEndOfThePriorYearOfEquityAwardsThatFailedToMeetVestingConditionsInTheYearMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAtTheEndOfThePriorYearOfEquityAwardsThatFailedToMeetVestingConditionsInTheYearMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToFairValueAtTheEndOfThePriorYearOfEquityAwardsThatFailedToMeetVestingConditionsInTheYearMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToValueOfDividendsOrOtherEarningsPaidOnStockOrOptionAwardsNotOtherwiseReflectedInFairValueOrTotalCompensationMember" xlink:href="nbix-20240409.xsd#nbix_AdjustmentToValueOfDividendsOrOtherEarningsPaidOnStockOrOptionAwardsNotOtherwiseReflectedInFairValueOrTotalCompensationMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="loc_nbix_AdjustmentToValueOfDividendsOrOtherEarningsPaidOnStockOrOptionAwardsNotOtherwiseReflectedInFairValueOrTotalCompensationMember" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
